Teprotumumab, marketed under the brand name Tepezza, is a fully human monoclonal antibody that targets the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R). It was approved by the FDA in January 2020 for the treatment of thyroid eye disease (TED), a rare autoimmune condition where inflammation causes the eyes to bulge outwards.
Mechanism of Action Teprotumumab
Teprotumumab works by inhibiting IGF-1R, which plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of TED. By blocking this receptor, the drug reduces inflammation and tissue remodeling in the orbit, leading to an improvement in symptoms such as eye bulging, pain, and redness.
Clinical Applications
The primary indication for teprotumumab is the treatment of adults with active TED. Clinical trials have shown that it is more effective than placebo in reducing proptosis (eye bulging) and improving other symptoms associated with TED.
Future Prospects
Ongoing research continues to explore the potential of teprotumumab in treating other conditions related to immune-mediated inflammation. Its success in managing TED highlights the importance of targeted biologic therapies in modern medicine.
Teprotumumab represents a significant advancement in the treatment of thyroid eye disease, offering new hope to patients suffering from this debilitating condition.
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